Which of the following is the best definition of Machine Learning?

• Programming a computer to perform a task
• Machines learning from data without being explicitly programmed
• A machine that can think like a human
• A simple database search

In Supervised Learning, the algorithm learns from:

• Unlabeled data
• Labeled data
• Random numbers
• No data at all

Predicting the price of a house based on its size is an example of:

• Classification
• Regression
• Clustering
• Reinforcement Learning

Which of these is an example of Unsupervised Learning?

• Spam Filtering
• House Price Prediction
• Customer Segmentation (Clustering)
• Face Recognition

What is 'Overfitting' in Machine Learning?

• Model is too simple
• Model fits training data perfectly but fails on new data
• Data is missing
• Model is very fast

Which function is used in Logistic Regression to map values between 0 and 1?

• Linear Function
• Sigmoid Function
• Step Function
• Log Function

What is the main goal of Principal Component Analysis (PCA)?

• Increase features
• Dimensionality Reduction
• Increase error
• Sort data

In a Confusion Matrix, 'True Positives' are:

• Correctly predicted negative cases
• Correctly predicted positive cases
• Incorrectly predicted positive cases
• Incorrectly predicted negative cases

Which algorithm uses a 'Hyperplane' to separate classes?

• K-Means
• Support Vector Machines (SVM)
• Linear Regression
• Naive Bayes

What is 'Random Forest'?

• A single large decision tree
• An ensemble of many decision trees
• A database of trees
• A hardware storage

Which part of a Neural Network is responsible for weight adjustment during training?

• Input Layer
• Backpropagation
• Output Layer
• Activation Function

What is the purpose of an 'Activation Function' (like ReLU)?

• Power the GPU
• Introduce non-linearity into the network
• Delete neurons
• Save weights

Which Neural Network architecture is specifically designed for Image processing?

• RNN
• CNN
• LSTMs
• GANs

What are 'LSTMs' (Long Short-Term Memory) primarily used for?

• Static images
• Sequential/Time-series data
• Sorting arrays
• Simple math

What does 'Adam' stand for in ML optimization?

• A person's name
• Adaptive Moment Estimation
• Advanced Data Management
• Analytical Data Model